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Журнал "Гастроэнтерология" Том 59, №3, 2025

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Гепатоцелюлярна карцинома: сучасні аспекти міждисциплінарного менеджменту. Частина 1. Епідеміологія, фактори ризику, діагностика

Гепатоцелюлярна карцинома: сучасні аспекти міждисциплінарного менеджменту. Частина 1. Епідеміологія, фактори ризику, діагностика

Авторы: Степанов Ю.М. (1), Завгородня Н.Ю. (1), Власова О.М. (2)
(1) - ДУ «Інститут гастроентерології НАМН України», м. Дніпро, Україна
(2) - Дніпровський державний медичний університет, м. Дніпро, Україна

Рубрики: Гастроэнтерология

Разделы: Справочник специалиста

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Резюме

Гепатоцелюлярна карцинома (ГЦК) є найпоширенішим варіантом первинного раку печінки, що характеризується високою летальністю та несприятливим прогнозом. Глобальна захворюваність і смертність від ГЦК продовжують зростати попри прогрес у лікуванні вірусних гепатитів внаслідок зростання поширеності метаболічно-асоційованої стеатотичної хвороби печінки й ожиріння. На основі аналізу літературних джерел баз даних Pubmed, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, Embase в огляді узагальнено сучасні дані щодо епідеміології, ключових факторів ризику, патогенезу та молекулярної класифікації ГЦК. Окрему увагу приділено сучасним підходам до діагностики, зокрема методам візуалізації, системі стандартизації зображень LI-RADS, ролі неінвазивних біомаркерів і морфологічної верифікації. Підкреслено значення скринінгових програм у групах високого ризику та своєчасної міждисциплінарної взаємодії, що дозволяє оптимізувати стратегію ведення пацієнтів відповідно до міжнародних клінічних рекомендацій.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common variant of primary liver cancer, characterized by high mortality and unfavorable prognosis. Global incidence and mortality from HCC continue to rise despite progress in the treatment of viral hepatitis due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associa­ted steatotic liver disease and obesity. Based on the analysis of lite­rature sources from the Pubmed, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, Embase databases, the review summarizes current data on the epidemiology, key risk factors, pathogenesis and molecular classification of HCC. Special attention is paid to modern approaches to diagnosis, in particular imaging methods, the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System, the role of non-invasive biomarkers and morphological verification. The importance of screening programs in high-risk groups and timely interdisciplinary interaction is emphasized, which allows optimizing the strategy of patient management in accordance with international clinical guidelines.


Ключевые слова

гепатоцелюлярна карцинома; епідеміологія; фактори ризику; діагностика; міждисциплінарний менеджмент

hepatocellular carcinoma; epidemiology; risk factors; diagnosis; interdisciplinary management

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2308-2097.59.3.2025.694

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